Window and door frame



p 1932- F. c. ANDERSEN ,005

WINDOW AND DOOR FRAME Filed Feb. 27, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 \\\\\\\\\\\76 A 3 3/ r r fizz mzar 5550 CANDE/i JEN 32 h j liq f4! 'vZZ/wq Sept. 27,1932. C ANDERSEN 1,879,005

WINDOW AND DOOR FRAME Filed Feb. 2'7, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I I 4 ll[rm/@2602" fkED CANDEB JEN P 1932 F. c. ANDERSEN 1,879,005

WINDO Filed Feb. 27, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 9 comes dry it has atendency to shrink away from the wood, leaving a gap or opening PatentedSept. 27, 1932 FRED C. ANDERSEN, 0F BAYPOBT, MINNESO PAN Y, OF BAYPORT,MINNESOTA,

TA, ASSIGNOB TO ANDERSEN LUMBER GOM- A ooaroaarron or wrscon'sm WINDOWAND DOOR FRAME- Application. filed February 27, 1929. Serial No.348,010.

My invention while adapted for use in window and door frames of theplank type relates particularly to window frames of the box type, inwhich it is diflicult to prevent cold air from entering the buildingaround and through the space provided for the weights. A frame of thistype is set in the building wall and the mortar of the brick work ormasonry is placed against the frame around the outside finish or casing.When this mortar bethrough which cold air may enter the build ingthrough the box and around the frame. When the frame is set, insome'instances a suitable filler of yielding material is insertedbetween the box and the back of the face brick, thereby interrupting theflow of cold air behind the face brick and around the base.

It has also been common practice to bring the lath on the inner side ofthe frame up to a point adjacent the frame, the joint being concealed bythe inside casing.

The object therefore of my invention is to provide means in the surfaceof the frame encircling the weight box, which will prevent a gap oropening being formed between the mortar and the surfaceof the box evenwhen there may be a considerable shrinkage of the wood in the frame orthe mortar and.

- consequent opening between masonry and the box wall.

A further object is to provide means where by an insulating flexiblematerial such as oakum may be inserted under the outside casing when theparts of the frame are assembled so that when the wall is built aroundthe frame, this fibrous material will efi'ectuaL 1y prevent the entranceof air under and around the outside casing and cooperate with themortaror plaster that is placed on the casing to insure a wind-tightjoint at this point.

A further object is to provide means which will insure a better unionbetween the inside plaster and the inside face of the box.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detaileddescription.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification A Fig. 1is a perspective view of a boxwintween the inside of the box; 1

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view showin the head of the frame and themanner 0% grooving it;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the frame with the packing materialtherein and the mortar filling the grooves in the frame;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view showin a sash or door frame of the plank typea apted for solid brick or masonry construction;

Fig. 7 illustrates the invention incorporated in a frame of a brickveneer structure; and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing how the strip on 'the outer corner ofthe box may be changed to adapt the frame for a different space.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 illustrates an assembled view in perspective ofa window frame of the box type, embodying my invention; the middleportion of the frame being cut away as indicated in the drawings toallow the frame to be shown in a size suflicient to clearly illustratethe details of construction; 2 is a sill and 3 the usual parting headbetween the upper and lower sash, not shown, and the usual blind stop 4provided in window frames; having preferably a tongue and groove joint 6with the blind stop 4 which, as-plainly shown in Fig. 2,-is extendedlaterally to form a wall 7 of the weight box 8. This box is completed bythe wall 9, parallel with the jamb 5 and a wall 10 that is seatedagainst the inner ed 0f the jamb and parallel with the wall 7. 11

represents the outer casing of the frame; 12 is a vertical recess orrabbet in the face of the wall 7 adjacent the casing 11 and extendingunder thecasing as indicated in Fig. 2 so that when the plaster ormortar is put around the frame it will fill this recess and also theseries ferred means for effecting a better union beplaster and theinside face- 5 is one of the upright jambs of grooves 13, which arepreferably arranged in parallel relation in the bottom of the recess.These grooves preferably have side walls in parallel relation so thatwhen the mortar dries and pulls away from the wood of the frame, theseries of ribs formed in the mortar by these grooves will slideoutwardly in the grooves, but when the maximum of shrinkage has beenreached the ribs will still project into the grooves and still retain a.

close enough contact with the side walls of the grooves to form aneffective barrier to the passage of currents of cold air which otherwisemight Vflow freely through the joint between the plaster and the'windowbox and enter the building wall and the space enclosed thereby.

There may be any suitable number of these grooves provided in the wallof the box and they may be of any desired depth and, while I prefer toprovide grooves of the same width from top to bottom, I do not confinemyself to this shape as it may be modified in various ways to suitdifferent conditions.

The gap formed at the inner side of the re cesses 12 under the casing 11provides means for effectually closing the joint at this point with asuitable material, such as oakum or other flexible, fibrous substancethat is adapted to yield when subjected to pressure and form a compactpacking under the edge of the casing and extending entirely around theframe to prevent the entrance and passage of air currents between themasonry and the frame. This filling or packing material may be insertedwhen the elements of the frame are assembled so that when the wall isbuilt around the frame by the mason the packing will already be in placeautomatically caulking the joint between the base and the masonry atthis point and it will not be necessary to loosen the casing and inserta packing material under it, as usually or frequently is done underpresent practice. A considerable saving in time is thus effected in thework of caulking the window frame. v This packing, as indicated in Fig.3, will also enter the adj acent groove in the wall of the box and form'a rib in the packing that will aid in holding it in place and alsocooperate in preventing the entrance of air through the joint in thecasing.

I prefer to close the entrance to and form a wallfor the recess 12 atthe outer corner of the box by providing a strip 14 that is seated inthe outer face of the wall 9 with one edge projecting beyond thecorresponding face of the wall 7 so that the recess 12 lies verticallybetween this strip 14 and an opposite wall under the casing 11, thuspermitting a considerable body of mortar to be placed in the recess andlocked therein by the cooperation of the grooves in the bottom of therecess. Preferably the edge of the wall 9 has shallow grooves 13as-shown in Figure 2 arranged substantially parallel with the grooves13' but somewhat smaller in size because of lack of space and positionedto receive the plaster or mortar that is used to fill the recess in theface of the box wall.

These grooves are all shown with preferably. parallel side walls butthey may be made toconverge or taper, if preferred, and their width mayof course be varied depending upon the amount of mortar that is desiredto have in the grooves and the size of the tongue to be formed in themortar by the grooves. The wall 9 has an outer face provided with aseries of grooves 13' corresponding to those in the wall 7 and, as shownried across the frame in the upper surface of the head plate or wall 15thereof so that when the brick work or masonry is laid up to these wallsthe mortar 13 will enter the ,head of the frame as well as the outerside walls of the box.

Referring now to Figure 3, the wall 10 of the box is shown provided withvertical recesses 16 over which the inside finish or trim,

not shown, maybe placed, and between the recesses shallow grooves 16 maybe provided in the wall, and a series of these grooves corresponding tothose indicated by numeral 13 in Figure 2 are also provided in the faceof the wall and adapted when the plaster is applied to form a union orjoint between the plaster and the wall of the box. I have shown inFigure 3 a corner of the inside wall of the building indicated bynumeral 17 with metal lath 18 carried around this corner and covered bythe plaster 19. The provision of the grooves 13 in the wall of the boxallows the formation of ribs in the mortar or plas ter and thereby a.union is effected between the plaster and the wall of the box. and

while it may not be necessary to do so, I may if preferred, extend theend of the metal lath into one of these grooves so that it will besecurely locked as shown in Figure 3. This extension of the lath,however, I do not think will be necessary as it may terminate outside ofthe groove and a suitable and effective union be formed between theplaster and the wall of the window box. This interlocking of the plasterwith the wall of the box will of course interrupt the flow of air aroundthe box and into the building and will serve to supplement the functionof the plaster effectually preventing the entrance of air and in anyevent compelling it to folin Fig. 1, these grooves are preferably carlowa. tortuous passage to enter the structure around the window casing.

In a solid masonry wall the brick or tile 20 is laid o posite the wall 9of the box with mortar 21 filling the grooves in the wall andeffectually sealing the flow of currents of air between the masonry andthe wall of the window box even after shrinkage has taken place in themortar and it has pulled awa slightly from the surface of thewall. Allthis I am able to accomplish without increasing the labor ofinstallation or setting of the frame or the subsequent laying of thebrick 32 or masonry around the frame.

In a solid brick or masonry structure the brick 22 on the outside of thebuilding is laid against the mortar or plaster 23 with which the spacein the wall of the box is filled and a supply of insulating materialsuch as oakum 24 is preferably interposed between the outside finish orcasing 11 and the bottom of the recess in the adjacent wall. ThlS oakummay be placed in positlon when the frame is assembled or if preferredthe trim or casing may be loosened and the oakum inserted when the frameis set up in the ob. The oakum is continued up on the outside wall ofthe box, thence across the head of the frame filling a groove 25 andalso filling a recess 26 providedwin the under side of the sill, makingtherefore a continuous insulating band extending on both sides andacross the head of sill. Figure 4 of vertical section of cess in thehead for the insulating packing and also the recess in the under surfaceof the the drawings illustrates a sill. In this figure I also show thehead f plate or wall 15 heretofore referred to provided with the seriesof shallow grooves 13' to receive the mortar that is interposed betweenthe head of the frame and the wall of the structure in which the frameis mounted. This wall may of course be of any suitable material, framework, brick or masonry, or in some instances a metal plate may beextended across the frame above the head thereof with mortar or plasterof suitable depth interposed between it and the bottom of the grooves inthe head ure 5 corresponds to Figure 2 except that the recess in Figure5 is filled with mortar and brick which, as indicated by referencenumeral 23, is set in place against the mortar or plaster and alsoabutting the edge of the outside trim.

Imay also provide grooves 13 in the under side of the sill extendinglongitudinally thereof, corresponding in form substantially to thoseshown in the upper surface of the head of the frame. (See Fig. 4.)

In Figure Gthe invention is shown adapted lmown as a frame of the is, asash or door frame this case the jamb 27 is' for what is usually planke. That withou t g box. In

the frame and under the f the frame showing the re- F plate. Fig

provided with a series of parallel grooves 28 in its outer faceandplaster 29 fills these grooves and closes the gap or opening betweenthe frame and a tile wall 30 such as is generally used in a-solid brickor masonry structure.

In Figure 7 I have shown the invention applied to a brick veneerstructure, that is,

y one where a wooden frame is employed and encased in brick or masonry.The sheathing is indicated by a numeral 31 with a space 31 between itand the outside brick or veneer ortar 33 is placed between this veneerbrick and the wall of the box 34 in which a series of grooves areprovided similar to described and for the reception of the plasticmortar that is filled therein when the bricks are laid. The outsidefinish 35 cooperates with the plaster 33 to effectually close the jointaround the frame and prevent the entrance of air between the casing 35and the wall of the box. A suit able studding 36 is interposed betweenthe sheathing 31 and the inside lath 37. This lath is of course coveredwith plaster 38 in the usual way.

In Figure 8, I have shown a slight modification of the structure ofFigure 2 which consists in turning the strip 14 so that one face will besubstantially flush with the ribs of the grooves 13 and 13. This changein the position of thestrip 14 adapts the frame or a narrower space thanwould be necessary when the strip is placed as indicated in igures 2 and3. In this Figure8 as well as in Figure 2, the mortar andinsulatingpacking are omitted from the recess in the rame to more clearlyindicatethe depth of the recess and the position of the grooves therein. Inpractice it will be understood that the outside wall is brought up tocover this recess and the mortar or plaster therein. f the groovesforming the fluting in the outer surface of the box wall have parallelside walls instead of being tapered, the ribs of the mortar will contactwith these walls when shrinkage occurs which might not be the case ifthe grooves were wedge-shaped in cross section .or tapered. Hence, it isdesirable to form these grooves in the manner shown in the drawingsthough I do not wish to confine myself to this shape.

By arranging these grooves on the inside wall of the box I am not onlyable to lock the edge of the metal lath therein as shown in Figure 3 butI may in the'case of a thinner wall apply a comparatively thick coat ofplaster over that part of the box and thereby be permitted to use anarrower trim or inside finish as shown in Figure 5. This insertion ofthe edge of the metal'lath as in Figure 3 in the groove provides abetter union between the inside plaster and the face of the box, as inthe case of an inside plaster reveal where mason the frame is used in acomparatively thick outside wall. 7 I claim as m invention: 1. A windowame having a wall provided 5 with a plurality of grooves in its surface,a

studding adjacent said grooved surface,-a

lath on said studding havin an edge to fit into one of said grooves, ana rial coverin said lath and a grooved wal 2. A windowor door frame ofwood having a sill, a head and side walls in planes at right angles tothe finish or trim of the frame, a strip to space one of said walls fromthe masonry, mortar between the wall and masonry, said walls having aseries of shallow ooves with vertical sides therein of substantially thesame width from top to bottom and adapted to receive and interlock withthe mortar of the brick or masonry in which the frame is set, wherebywhen the mortar shrinks from the bottom of the grooves it will lie closeto the side walls within the grooves and prevent the passage of air {,3between the mortar and walls.

3. A window or door frame adapted to be substantially surrounded bymasonry, said frame having a wooden head and side walls each providedwith a series of longitudinal 3o grooves, the grooves of said headforming substantially a continuation of those of said side walls, anouter casing overlapping said A grooves, said grooves being adapted toreceive plaster or mortar of the brick work or in which the frame is setand interlock with such plaster or mortar whereby when shrinkage occursa barrier to the passage of air between said side wall and outer casingwill be prevented.

4. A window or door frame adapted to be substantially surrounded bymasonry, said frame having walls provided with a recess extendingvertically in the side walls of the utting said frame and lengthwise ofthe head thereof, a

5 sill having a recess in its under side forming a continuation of therecess in said walls and head, an insulating packing material fittingwithin said recesses and substantially surrounding said frame, and afinish or trim adjacent to and concealing the packing in said side wallsand head.

5. A window frame adapted to be substantially surrounded by masonry,said frame having a box at one side, the outer wall of said box beingprovided with a recess on its outer surface to receive mortar, therecess being bounded by walls formed on the frame and the masonry walls,to retain the mortar, and the bottom of said recess having a pluralityof narrow grooves therein.-

6. A window or door frame comprising a side wall and an outer casing forthe frame,

asaid side wall resting against said outer cas re ess between the outercasing and said side lastic matethe side wall being cut away to'form awall and plastic material filling said recess, said side wall havinggrooves into which said plastic material extends to form ribs withinsa1d grooves to prevent the passage of air between the (plastic materialand-the side wall.

7. A win ow or door frame having a wall provided with a longitudinalrecess, a'windproof material in plastic form in said recess, thebottom'of said recess having a plurality of grooves running lengthwisetherein wherein the plastic material may enter and form ribs within saidgrooves and prevent the pasage of air between the plastic material andsaid wall when said material shrinks in hardening, said wall having amolding on one side of said recess forming a seat for the building walland also forming a closure and abutment for one edge of the plasticmaterial in said recess.

' 8. A window or door frame having an outer wall provided with a seriesof longitudinal grooves wherein material, temporarily plastic, may enterand form a series of ribs within said grooves and prevent the passage ofair between said wall and the plastic material as it hardens andshrinks, masonry lapping said grooves and abutting the plastic material,and said wall having a finish molding abutting said masonry and lappingsaid grooves.

9. A window or door frame having an outer vertical wall provided with aseries of longitudinal grooves wherein plastic material may enter andform a series of ribs within said grooves and prevent the passage of airbetween the plastic material and said wall, a second wall at rightangles substantially to said first-named wall and having grooves thereinto receive plastic material, masonry lapping said grooves and abuttingthe plastic material therein, and said firstnamed wall having a moldingabutting said masonry and the plastic material on said first-named walland the grooves in said second-named wall on one side.

10. A window or door frame having an outer vertical wall provided with aseries of longitudinal grooves wherein plastic material may enter andform a series of ribs within said grooves and prevent thepassage of airbetween the plastic material and said wall as said material hardens andshrinks, a second wall at an angle to said first-named wall and having arecess therein adapted to receive the plastic material, the bottom ofsaid recess having a plurality of grooves therein wherein the plasticmaterial may enter and form ribs within said grooves, masonry lappingsaid recess and abutting the plastic material therein and saidfirst-named wall having a molding abutting said masonry and the plasticmaterial on said first-named wall and closing one side of the recess insaid second-- named wall.

'11. A window or door frame adapted to be encircled by a masonry walland compris-v lot ing a sill and side and head jambs, the outer faces ofsaid sill and jambs having a plurality of longitudinal grooves thereinin which a material, in plastic form temporarily, may enter and formribs within said grooves and prevent the passage of air between theframe, and the masonry when the plastic material shrinks in hardening,said jambs havin closure members abutting the masonry an said jambs onone side and closing said grooves to the passage of air transverselythere through.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of Feb.1929.

FRED O. ANDERSEN.

